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不同矫正方式对儿童近视控制的效果

发布日期:2014-03-21   http://www.zgjsyw.com
导读:目的 比较中国近视儿童配戴单光框架眼镜(SV)、角膜塑形镜、RGPCL以及渐变多焦点眼镜(PAL)2年后眼轴及屈光度变化,评估不同矫正方式对儿童近视的控制效果。方法 前瞻性非随机临床对照研究。104例近视儿童入选,年龄9~15岁,近视度-0.50~-4.50 D,散光低于-2.00 D,分别选择SV(21例)、角膜塑形镜(24例)、RGPCL(30例)和PAL(29例)作为矫正方式,随访2年,进行睫状肌麻痹验光、Zeiss IOLMaster测量眼轴、Medmont E300角膜地形图测量角膜形态等检查。采用单因素方差分析、卡方检验、重复测量方差分析对数据进行检验。

不同矫正方式对儿童近视控制的效果

2014- 姜珺 陈云云 等

    【摘要】  目的  比较中国近视儿童配戴单光框架眼镜(SV)、角膜塑形镜、RGPCL以及渐变多焦点眼镜(PAL)2年后眼轴及屈光度变化,评估不同矫正方式对儿童近视的控制效果。方法  前瞻性非随机临床对照研究。104例近视儿童入选,年龄9~15岁,近视度-0.50~-4.50 D,散光低于-2.00 D,分别选择SV(21例)、角膜塑形镜(24例)、RGPCL(30例)和PAL(29例)作为矫正方式,随访2年,进行睫状肌麻痹验光、Zeiss IOLMaster测量眼轴、Medmont E300角膜地形图测量角膜形态等检查。采用单因素方差分析、卡方检验、重复测量方差分析对数据进行检验。

  结果  戴镜前,4组的年龄、角膜曲率值、眼轴长度差异均无统计学意义,等效球镜度差异有统计学意义(F=6.920,P<0.01),其中RGPCL组等效球镜度均值为(-3.04±0.79)D,高于其他3组。2年后,各组眼轴均有明显增长(F=315.912,P<0.01),SV组、角膜塑形镜组、RGPCL组和PAL组分别增长了(0.57±0.23)mm、(0.31±0.20)mm、(0.51±0.30)mm和(0.61±0.27)mm。4组眼轴的增长量在随访时间与不同矫正方式间的交互作用、不同矫正方式间差异均有统计学意义(F1=4.175,F2=6.599,P均<0.01),角膜塑形镜组眼轴增长量最小,SV、RGPCL、PAL 3组间差异无统计学意义。SV、RGPCL、PAL组近视度随着时间均有增长(F=121.840,P<0.01),分别增长了(-1.23±0.64)D,(-0.82±0.69)D和(-1.12±0.53)D。3组的屈光度增高量在随访时间与不同矫正方式间的交互作用、不同矫正方式间差异均无统计学意义(F1=1.300,F2=2.987,P均>0.05)。结论  临床常用的4种矫正方式SV、PAL、RGPCL及角膜塑形镜对儿童近视的控制及延缓作用以角膜塑形镜效果最佳,其他三者之间无差异。

【关键词】  单光框架眼镜;  角膜塑形术;  接触镜,硬性透气性;  渐变多焦点眼镜;  近视控制

 

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-845X.2014.02.003
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(81170869);浙江省高校重大科技攻关项目(ZD2007006);浙江省重点科技创新团队新增自主设计项目(2009R50039-18)
作者单位:325027 温州医科大学附属眼视光医院
通信作者:吕帆

Email:lufan@mail.eye.ac.cn

 

Effect of four types of refractive correction on myopia progression in Chinese children
Jiang Jun, Chen Yunyun, Wu Ge, Bao Jinhua, Mao Xinjie, Lyu Fan. Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
Corresponding author:Lyu Fan,Email:lufan@mail.eye.ac.cn
    【Abstract】  Objective  To compare axial length growth and myopia progression among myopic Chinese children wearing single-vision spectacle lenses (SVs), orthokeratology lenses, rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) or progressive-addition spectacle lenses (PALs) and to evaluate their efficacy in the control of myopia. Methods  This was a prospective, non-randomized and case-controlled clinical study. One hundred and four myopic children aged 9 to 15 years were enrolled in this study. Subjects′ refractive conditions ranged from -0.50 to -4.50 DS with astigmatism less than 2.00 DC. Each subject was allocated to one of four correction groups (SV, orthokeratology lens, RGPCL, or PAL), and followed for 24 months. Twenty-one children were fitted with SVs, 24 with orthokeratology lenses, 30 with RGPCLs, and 29 with PALs. Cycloplegic refraction, axial length and topography measurements were performed. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, repeated measured ANOVA and a chi-square test. Results  At baseline, the four groups were comparable in terms of age, k-reading, and axial length, exception for spherical equivalent refractive error (F=6.920, P<0.01). The RGPCL group (-3.04±0.79 D) was more myopic than the SV (-2.35±0.80 D), orthokeratology lens (-2.33±1.02 D) and PAL (-2.15±0.60 D) groups at baseline. Axial length increased significantly over 2 years (F=315.912, P<0.01) for the SV group (0.57±0.23 mm), orthokeratology lens group (0.31±0.20 mm), RGPCL group (0.51±0.30 mm) and PAL group (0.61±0.27 mm), with a significant interaction between time and groups (F=4.175, P<0.01) and significant differences among the four correction methods (F=6.599, P<0.01). Axial elongation was slower in the orthokeratology lens group compared to the others, but there were no differences among the SV, RGPCL and PAL groups. Myopia progressed significantly over 2 years (F=121.840, P<0.01) for the SV group (-1.23±0.64 D), RGPCL group (-0.82±0.69 D) and PAL group (-1.12±0.53 D), with insignificant interaction between time and group (F=1.300, P>0.05) and no significant differences among those three correction methods (F=2.987, P>0.05). Conclusion  For the efficacy of myopia control, the orthokeratology lens is most remarkable. Rigid gas permeable contact lenses and progressive-addition lenses are not more effective for myopia control than single-vision spectacle lenses.
    【Key words】  Single-vision spectacle lenses;  Orthokeratology;  Contact lenses,rigid gas-permeable;  Progressive-addtion lenses;  Myopia control

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